The Definitive Handbook to Essays Written by College Students

The Definitive Handbook to Essays Written by College Students Getting the Best Essays Written by College Students Custom writing means a significant company with high standards. Homework is a rather useful facet of the educational experience. Also, you need to focus on the keyword that's mentioned within the task related assignment. As an alternative to selecting a conventional major, students select a place of concentration where they're guided by means of a set of advisors. Clarity it is what students want to increase their writing. Believes that all students deserve a chance to attend college without discrimination of any sort. Some students face many problems by doing writing assignments, and it's important to learn how you're able to write it correctly. Your primary task in case you do not need to devote years writing unnecessary papers is to come across a service it's possible to purchase college essays from. By deciding to purchase college essays with our service you pick the ideal way of. At our very best college essay writing service you're welcome to get assistance with college. There s little doubt about written college. Don't be scared to engage your reader in the very same questions you're asking yourself about life and your journey to date. Keep studying the question as you progress to make certain you aren't deflecting. You need to reveal your reader HOW YOU THINK by inviting them into your precise thought procedure. It would be quite challenging to write this kind of answer in a literary way. Essay writing has at all times been part of academic life. The very first thing you ought to do is make your revision program. If a question has more than 1 part that should be answered, answer each part in a different li ne. Therefore, it's not advised to wait until the last day for you to commence working on your essay. The Fundamentals of Essays Written by College Students Revealed If you're looking for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. These resources can supply you with strategies to assist you with your essay and assignment writing. The experts have lots of the greatest prices in store for you. Now there's a list of resources. Presentation You may have all the essential information required in the essay but if you don't present it correctly, you might not scoop all the marks that you deserved. There are dozens and dozens of reasons to utilize Rush Essay custom paper writing. Our website are well-liked today since they have essays which are always in this issue and well informed. T. Introduction his booklet was designed to assist you to compose a laboratory report in the. An elongated essay on applied chemistry is dependent upon the chemical content. Draft the procedure part of your report, which outlines the steps that you've taken to. In the event the students are confronting any issue with the grammar rules, then they need to get a grammar guide or try some part-time on-line grammar classes. Both of these examples below. Homework, it's beyond my ability. Structure of an essay An effective college essay needs to have a very clear structure of the entire content. It is one of the most popular. Writing an outstanding college essay is the most significant thing you are able to. You have to understand what the essay is for and understand what your professor want to become from you. You won't regret that you get essays online! Expository essays aren't written in first individual. Learn what makes a superior scholarship essay. Doing research will enhance the standard of your essay. The research paper outline is important for practically any report or term paper. You don't need to turn in a paper which has been turned in by other individuals. It is extremely easy to wind up with a rather messy paper if you aren't careful concerning the structure of your paper.

Analysis Of Gary Steiners Animal, Vegetable, Miserable

The essay of Gary Steiner, â€Å"Animal, Vegetable, Miserable,† advises that a vegan lifestyle is an ethical lifestyle. He is a strict vegan which means no meat, cheese, eggs, or anything that contains animal products and byproducts. Steiner seems to be an animal rights advocator, and his essay pushes his beliefs with the hope that his opinions will gain the attention of people in American. The written responses to Gary Steiners article, â€Å"Ethical Choices in what We Eat† argues and agrees with his pro-vegan argument. Many conflicts in the use of animal products in our lives, but the tone of his essay can sometimes undermine the reader affecting his cause to help eliminate animal slaughter. Steiner goes straight to the reader’s emotions†¦show more content†¦JeanÅ› quote, â€Å"Farm animals also benefit from the humane farming movement, even if the animals welfare changes† (849) concludes the life of the animals you raise yourself. According to Steiner, even vegetarians and other people, committed to fighting against animal cruelty, are not enough to create a vegan law. The author ‘s complains about the difficulties of managing his strict vegan lifestyle are meant to highlight his dedication and determination, but can come off as whining. When Steiner states, â€Å"You just haven’t lived until you’ve tried to function as a vegan in a meat-crazed society† (847), it seems as if he is about to relate a part of his life that the reader can empathize with, but it turns out to be nothing but a springboard to launch a self-centered diatribe in which he laments how difficult his commitment to the strict vegan way of life is to maintain. The quote, â€Å"To go down this road is to stare headlong into an abyss that, to paraphrase Nietzsche, will ultimately stare back at you† (847), appeals to pathos because this is meant to provoke sympathy for the reader. Chris Taylor, a formers reader of Steiners article, agrees with the frustration that vegans go through. As he states â€Å" When one â€Å"goes vegan,† what seems obvious to that person is ridiculed by a large part of society† (850) as though they feel separated between worlds. Steiner and Chris are both implying that it’s hard being a vegan in aShow MoreRelatedAnimal, Vegetable, Miserable By Gary Steiner1095 Words   |  5 Pagestraditions, to what they know. Gary Steiner’s Essay â€Å"Animal,Vegetable, Miserable† evaluates society’s procedure when it comes to animal consumption. He further explains his take on things, and why the stance of being a vegan in today’s society can be a very hard one. In the segment of â€Å"The Ethical Choices in What We Eat† is an array of analysis and opinions back to editor involving the essay, â€Å"Animal, Vegetable, Miserable† by Gary Steiner. Including thoughts on Steiner’s argument and what it truly meansRead MoreAnimal, Vegetable, Miserable938 Words   |  4 Pages In November 2009, Gary Steiner, a Philosopher, author and Professor at Bucknell University, wrote an article in the New York Times entitled, â€Å"Animal, Vegetable, Miserable.† In the article, Steiner discusses how unethical he believes it is to use animals for human consumption. In addition to consuming animals, Steiner writes that it is inhumane to use any products that were made from sacrificing animal lives. The article goes on to say that recently, more and more people have become interested in

The Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Australian Economy

Questions: Question 1Using current economic data and analysing a number of leading, lagging and coincident indicators, determine Australias position on the business cycle. Justify you answer, including any relevant diagrams. Question 2a.) Which monetary policy is more effective in moderating the business cycle, tight or easy? Give reasons for your answers.b.) What is the current monetary policy stance of the RBA? What factors do the RBA take into consideration, before a decision is made as to whether to implement a tight or easy monetary policy?c.) Using AD-AS model, explain how interest rates affect the key macroeconomic variables. Question 3a.) Comment on the recent factors that are affecting the value of the Australian dollar. Use diagrams to illustrate your answer.b.) Who gains and who loses when the Australian dollar depreciates? Justify your answer.c.) In your opinion, is a depreciating $A good or bad for the Australian economy? Justify your answer. Answers: 1. Business cycle can be referred as upward or downward movement of the gross domestic product. Business cycle can be defined in terms of periods of recession or expansion as business cycle represents the long term trend. Business cycle can also be defined in terms of contraction or expansion period of a nation in terms of the fluctuation in the economic activities of a nation. There are several indicators of the business cycle and these are explained as under- GDP growth of Australia: Gross domestic production of the Australia is the gross value of all the goods and services of the Australian economy. Gross domestic production is the most used factor for measuring the economic growth on a country. The below mentioned diagram displays the GDP growth of the Australia for past ten years. Inflation: Inflation is the constant decay in the purchasing power of the money. Inflation can be measured in terms of retail or wholesale, consumer price index. Consumer price index is known as CPI. As the inflation has huge impact over economy, government should take necessary steps to curve the ever increasing inflation rate. The countries which cannot control the inflation rate are bound to face the economic downfall. Generally the inflation rate is on higher side for undeveloped countries. The below mentioned figure displays the rate of inflation in Australia. Unemployment: Unemployment is an important factor for any economy. Unemployment exists when people are ready to work but there is not job for them in the country. Unemployment is an indicator of the performance of an economy. If a country wants to progress and boom its economy, than it has to lower down unemployment rate in the country. Details of employment rate and various factors has been provided in the below mentioned figure. Source: (Rba.gov.au, 2015) Balance of Payments: The two terms relevant for this purpose are current account balance and trade balance. It is important for a country to maintain the current account deficit. The current account balance and the trade deficit are shown in the below mentioned figure. The position of Australia on global business cycle map has been shown in the below figure. It is evident that the Australia is in the phase of expansion. Source: (Economy.com, 2015) 2. (a) If a government wants to moderate the business cycle, it should prepare and implement the effective monetary policy to moderate the business cycle. Monetary policy can be used to control the quantity of money. Thus monetary policy helps in the stabilisation of business cycle as its helps in controlling the rate of inflation and rate of unemployment in the economy. It is the responsibility of the government to decide about effective policy to moderate business cycle. The monetary policy can be expansionary monetary policy or contradictory money policy. The expansionary monetary policy is also known as easy money policy. The expansionary monetary policy is liable for increase in the supply of money and decrease in the interest rate in the economy. The expansionary monetary policy is generally applied in recession cycle. The second policy is known as contractionary or the tight money policy. The contractionary policy is responsible for decrease in the supply of money and the incr ease in the interest rate. The contractionary policy can be used for controlling inflation. It is advised that Australian government should apply tight money policy to moderate the business cycle as the business cycle of Australia is in expansion mode. (b) The monetary policies in Australia are implemented by the Reserve Bank of Australia. An analysis of the growth rate indicates that in Australia the growth rate is on the moderate side and there is an indication of decline in the economy. If a projection of growth rate is made than it is expected that the growth rate may be well below the average rate. The average inflation rate can be predicted as in rage of 2%. The growth rate in the wage rate can also be expected on average side. The investment rate in Australia is on the lower side and the expectations of the investors are on the higher side. The RBA is trying to provide support for the growth of the Australian economy and this has caused an increase in demand. There are severa l factors which RBA considers to support the economy. Some of these factors are present inflation rate, growth rate, exchange rate, capital account. (c) The AD-AS model has been shown in the below mentioned diagram. The X axis represents the national output and the Y axis represents the price level. The demand curve is dependant upon the interest rate. An increase in the interest rate causes a leftward shift of the demand curve and a decline in the interest rate leads to rightward shift in the demand curve. An analysis of the above diagram indicates that when the aggregate demand curve shifts to the left, the inflation rate is lowered as well as there is reduction in the national output in the economy. In the same manner, when there is increase in interest rate, the aggregate demand curve shifts to the right. This causes increase in the inflation rate as well as in the national output (Rba.gov.au, 2015).3. (a) The value of Australian dollar is affected by several factors. Some of these factors are inflation rate, confidence of business, confidence of consumers, economy growth rate, stock market performance, health of housing market. Exchange rate in the economy can be impacted by the positive impact on the economy. Change in economy by in line with change with exchange rate is presented in the below mentioned figure. It is clear from above mentioned diagram that when there is increase in the demand for Australian dollar, the demand curve moves upward and due to this reason the exchange rate appreciates and there is increase in equilibrium quantity of the Australian dollar. On the other side, when there is decline in the demand for the currency, there is a downward trend in the demand curve and this causes depreciation in the exchange rate and a fall in the equilibrium quantity. The above mentioned diagram displays that when there is increase in supply (S1), there is decline in the exchange rate and this causes increase in equilibrium quantity. In the same way when there is decline in the supply (S2), this causes increase in the exchange rate and reduction in equilibrium quantity.(b) The event of decline of the Australian dollar falls below the Equilibrium exchange rate (E*), in an indication that there is depreciation in the exchange rate of the Australian dollar. When the Australian currency declines, the foreign importers gain from such situation and the country itself loses. Thus the countries which imports goods and services from other countries will now have to pay less for the imported goods and services and thus these will be benefited but the exporting country will be under loss. (c) The value of the Australian dollar will fall against other currencies, when there is depreciation in the Australian dollar. The decline of Australian dollar will be hav ing several impacts over the economy. The decline of Australian dollar will increase the inflation in the country. The inflation will increase because the cost of goods and services imported will increase. On the other side it is true that the decline in the Australian dollar will cause development of export industry in the country. However this will cause a decline in the import demand. The inflation will cause an increase in the wage rate. However if government can implement effective policies, lower the interest rate and develop the export sector, than the decline in the Australian currency can also be beneficial to the country. References Farleigh, R., 2013. Taming the Lion: 100 Secret Strategies for Investing. Harriman House Limited. Jason, Z., 2011. Corporate governance and alternative performance measures: evidence from Australian firms. Australian Journal of Management, 36(3), pp.371386. McLean, I.W., 2012. Why Australia Prospered: The Shifting Sources of Economic Growth: The Shifting Sources of Economic Growth. Princeton University Press. Mutunga, J., 2014. Developing and understanding of Australias economy over the last two years. GRIN Verlag. Steve, R., 2013. A comparison of two economies UAE and Australia. GRIN Verlag. Wiggin, A., 2012. The Little Book of the Shrinking Dollar: What You Can Do to Protect Your Money Now. John Wiley Sons.

Which factors affect the rate of photosynthesis Essay Example

Which factors affect the rate of photosynthesis Essay Plants, like all living organisms, need a supply of food. They need it as a source of energy in respiration and they need it as a source of raw materials to build new cells and tissues as they grow. Food is a kind of fuel which drives essential living processes and brings about chemical changes. Animals take in food, digest it, and use the digested products to build their tissues or to produce energy. Plants also need energy and raw materials, but apart from a few insect eating species (e.g. Venus flytrap) plants do not appear to take in food, the most likely source of their raw materials would appear to be the soil however it has been proved that water and air are additional sources.PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis is the chemical process of separating oxygen from water which then combines with carbon dioxide to synthesize simple food stuffs such as glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts of cells. Oxygen gas is released through the stomataLimiting factorsA limiting factor is a factor th at determines the rate of a reaction. In this case the limiting factors are the main factors which can affect the rate of photosynthesis:* Light intensity (and wave length)* Carbon dioxide concentration* TemperatureIncreasing each of these will increase photosynthesis, up to a certain maximum value. For example, low light intensity limits photosynthesis even if the carbon dioxide concentration is high.* Chlorophyll could also be considered a variable because if there is more chlorophyll then more light can be trapped which will speed up the process. This needs to be controlled by using the same piece of pondweed for the experiments.The site of photosynthesisFor photosynthesis to occur, carbon dioxide, water and light energy must come together where there is chlorophyll in the flowering plant. Leaves, which are usually broad and flat, are the parts of the plant most suitable for photosynthesis; this is because:* Contain chlorophyll.* Have a broad flat area which is supported by veins and is exposed to the rays of the sun.* Contain veins (vascular bundles) which supply water.* Are thin, allowing quick diffusion of carbon dioxide to all parts inside the leaf.The site of photosynthesis is in the cells inside the leaf. The living parts of the cell, the cytoplasm and nucleus, are surrounded by a non-living cell wall of cellulose: the cell wall keeps the cell in shape. The green pigment chlorophyll is held in small disc-like shapes, made from specialized parts of the cytoplasm, called chloroplasts. The central part of the cell is a vacuole containing cell sap, which is mainly water. The cytoplasm is surrounded by a cell- surface membrane.Chlorophyll pigments absorb the light energy and convert it into food. This is why it is called photosynthesis. So by using the light energy the plant manufactures its food.The products of photosynthesisIf you look at the equation for photosynthesis, there are two products: called glucose and oxygen.As the glucose forms, it is usuall y stored in the chloroplasts as starch. If you test a leaf for glucose during photosynthesis, you are likely to find very little because it is changed to starch so quickly after it is formed. If you test a leaf for starch during photosynthesis, you find quite a lot. But at night, when photosynthesis stops because there is no light, the starch is changed back into sugar and removed from the leaf through the veins either to a growing part of the plant or to a more permanent storage place.Throughout photosynthesis waste oxygen is given off as a gas, because it is in a high concentration in the cells, it diffuses to the outside of the leaf, where it is in a lower concentration, via the air spaces and open stomata. The formation of oxygen during photosynthesis is of great importance to all living organisms. All living organisms, including plants, carry out respiration, and most of that respiration is aerobic (using oxygen). Photosynthesis is the only way in which oxygen used in respirati on is replaced in the air.The simple substances from which plants make their food are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). These do not contain energy that a plant can use, so an outside source of energy is needed to combine them into a compound that the plant can use as food. The source of energy is sunlight; the food compound that made is the simple sugar, glucose (C6H12O6), and the waste product is oxygen which is released through the stomata. This can be shown as an equation:Carbon dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2Light energy is trapped by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy in the compound glucose.From this equation it is seen that sunlight is very important in the production of glucose. If all other products are available e.g. water and carbon dioxide in sufficient quantities then light can be used as a variable. If not enough of any reactant is present it will be a limiting factor. This means that no matter how much light is added no more glucose can be made.In my experiment the plant, elodea/Canadian Pondweed, is placed in water and sodium hydrogen carbonate is added thereby preventing a limiting factor. This is because the water of course is plentiful and the sodium hydrogen carbonate provides the pondweed with carbon dioxide.Plants are always respiring but during the light stage the carbon dioxide that should be released is used for the production of starch by photosynthesis. During the dark stage the carbon dioxide is released, as photosynthesis is not taking place, due to a lack of sunlight. When the plant respires it takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide just like a human. While making food however the process is reversed with carbon dioxide being absorbed and oxygen being given off. Also during the light stage chlorophyll splits water molecules in the chloroplasts ready for the dark stage so the plant is not dependent on the light stage. Meaning that it has enough food (glucose) stored so that it can survive the dark without having to make more which of course would be impossible because there is no light.Carbon DioxideCarbon dioxide is a gas which is present in air but only in small amounts (about 0.04% of air is carbon dioxide). But carbon dioxide is continually added to air by respiration of all living organisms and by the burning of wood, coal, gas, oil and petrol used as fuel. There is no danger that carbon dioxide will run out in fact it is slowly increasing in the air because so much burning takes place. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water, plants living in water therefore also have a supply of carbon dioxide. Plants get their carbon dioxide usually from the air, through the stomata by diffusion. However water plants use the carbon dioxide which is dissolved in the water. Carbon dioxide is needed in photosynthesis to produce glucose which is what the plant is trying to make. This can be controlled by having a fixed amount of sodium hydrogen carbonate powder dissolved in th e beaker of water in this experiment I will use 0.6g of sodium hydrogen carbonate.Light intensityLight rays are a form of energy they are wave movements traveling at great speed. Those of a certain wavelength, which are seen by our eyes, are light rays. Plants have a green pigment called chlorophyll which can trap some of these light rays and use their energy to build up the simple sugar glucose, from carbon dioxide and water. The light energy is trapped as chemical energy in the glucose molecule. Plants can use any source of light rays, but the source that does not run out is sunlight. Artificial light is used in glasshouses when extra light is needed. In water, only the top few meters get sufficient light for plants to use in photosynthesis. Plants that are able to detect a source of light grow towards it, for example, cress.TemperatureTemperature affects the rate of photosynthesis because when cells are hotter they have more energy and therefore move around quicker. Enzymes cha nge the starch into proteins and many other foods when needed and this is done much quicker when they are hotter.What I am going to doI plan to investigate how light intensity affects the rate of photosynthesis in Canadian pondweed. The equation shows that glucose and oxygen are made in the process of photosynthesis. Therefore the rate of photosynthesis can be measured by the amount of glucose or oxygen produced. Because oxygen is let out of the plant, this will be the easier of the two to measure. I will measure the amount of oxygen made by the number of bubbles given off from the plant. I will count the number of bubbles produced in 5 minutes light intensity is measured by the distance between the lamp and pondweed. This distance is then squared to give the light intensity.How I will ensure a fair testIt is very difficult to keep the experiment free from any outside factors. Changes in temperature by as much as two or more degrees can affect the whole experiment e.g. draughts or a nother heat source. For example if the experiment is set up by a window and the sun comes out from behind a cloud then the plant receives extra heat and light. Also if the experiment is spread over two days, then the temperature is likely to be different. To compensate for this I will place a thermometer in the beaker and check that this does not rise above or fall below a one-degree boundary on either side of the room temperature at the beginning of the experiment. Also the experiment will be carried out away from the glare of all windows to ensure that no other changes will affect the results. Different pieces of pondweed have different masses and length. Each time I change the light intensity I will use the same piece of pondweed so the length and mass is always the same. If the pondweed was longer it would have more palisade cells and so more chloroplasts and if the mass was bigger then more starch would be used up.My PredictionOn the left is my prediction of how the rate of pho tosynthesis will relate to the light intensity. They are directly proportional meaning that for example, if the light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis will also increase. Also if one is doubled the other doubles as well. The reason for this relationship is that during photosynthesis light is a key element. If all other aspects of photosynthesis (carbon dioxide, water chlorophyll) are kept constant then light intensity is in control of the reaction. As the light intensity increases chlorophyll can trap enough light needed to form glucose quicker. Therefore the higher the light intensity the quicker that chlorophyll can trap sunlight so the rate of photosynthesis is faster also.I predict that the closer the lamp is to the pondweed the faster photosynthesis will take place because light is needed for the reaction and there will be more input energy. When the lamp gets close to the pondweed the lamp will be giving all the light (energy) that the pondweed will need to photo synthesise at its optimum speed. It cannot photosynthesise any faster because there are only a certain number of chloroplasts containing a limiting amount of chlorophyll and this can only absorb a certain amount of light which is called the light saturation point. I think that the light saturation point will be at about 5cm judging by my preliminaries. The other limiting factors should be at their optimum or remain constant throughout the experiment and so should not affect the experiment. As a limiting factor is unlikely to occur I anticipate that there will be a positive correlation between the rate of photosynthesis and the light intensity. This means that as the light intensity doubles the rate of photosynthesis doubles also.ApparatusMethod1. Get out the apparatus, which consist of a 250ml beaker, a test tube, a lamp, a thermometer, a stop clock, a funnel and a meter rule.2. Fill the beaker with 250ml of tap water, and check that its temperature is around 21à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½c. Add 0. 6grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate to the water and stir vigorously for 2 minutes to ensure that all of the powder has dissolved. This is important because otherwise the sodium hydrogen carbonate wouldnt have a significant effect.3. Put the pondweed into the beaker and place a funnel over it. Make sure that the top of the funnel is under the water level in the beaker.4. Fill the test tube to the top and then invert it over the top of the funnel. Try to lose as little water as possible in the process.5. Start the stopwatch and turn on the lamp at the desired distance from the beaker.6. Start the stop clock and for the next 5 minutes count the bubbles of oxygen produced by the pondweed.7. Repeat this experiment with the lamp at different distances from the beaker: 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm.The reason why this experiment works is that during photosynthesis oxygen is given off. This works well as no extra oxygen or carbon dioxide interferes.I will also use five lengths so a clear picture can be drawn as to the affect of the light intensity and I will repeat the whole experiment three times to make sure any anomalies are seen.ObservationsDuring the experiment I will observe bubbles of gas being given off by the pond weed and being collected at the top of the test tube. As the light intensity increases the number of gas bubbles given off per minute will increase. I will measure the number of gas bubbles given off per minute by use of tally marks. Every time a gas bubble is let off I will put a tally mark on a piece of paper. My original plan was to collect the bubbles in a measuring cylinder instead of a test tube and then find the volume of oxygen produced. However from completing my preliminary experiment I found out that not enough oxygen was produced to give an accurate reading of volume.RangeIn my preliminary work, I found that the best range for my experimental variable was to move the light source between 10cm and 50cm away from the pond weed because i f I was to move the light source too close to the pond weed it would possibly increase the temperature therefore making it an unfair test as another factor is being altered. And if I was to move the light source to far away from the pond weed it would not affect the experiment. Therefore if I keep the light source within my distances I should get good results.NumberTo get more accurate results I will take five readings. This should be enough for me to plot a graph. I will also do the experiment three times at each distance so that I can get a reliable average.Safety precautionsPrecautions play an important part in every experiment.* Bags and books must be kept away from the apparatus and the place where the practical is set up.* The lamp must not be kept too close to the leaves for a long period of time. This is because chlorophyll is an enzyme and gets denatured by excessive heat.* Bags and blazers must be kept under benches so that you are less likely to trip over things.* Wear sa fety goggles and aprons so that the sodium hydrogencarbonate cannot get into your eyes as it would cause irritation.* Never run in the laboratory because it could cause an accident.* Tie long hair back so that it cannot get in the way and become dangerous.* Wash hands after practical so that anything you have picked up from the pondweed is washed off.* The lamp will become hot if it is left on for long periods of time so care must be taken at the end of the practical when it has to be moved.Why I did a pilotI did a pilot experiment so that I could make sure my method worked and also that I was getting sensible results. It gave me an idea of what to expect for my actual investigation. I also did a preliminary test to make sure I was comfortable with the experiment. My results, although they were not thorough, show a relationship, as I have already stated, forming. The rate of photosynthesis was going up at a fairly similar rate to the light intensity so I am confident that in the act ual experiment the results will be closer to the graph above and show a directly proportional line on the graph.The results for my preliminary experiment:Distance from beaker (m)Number of oxygen bubbles produced in 5 minutesLight intensityRate of photosynthesis123Average0.05137145140140.64000.4690.1115121119118.31000.3940.522171919.340.064What I discovered from my preliminary measurementsIn my preliminary experiment I learnt what to expect for the real experiment so this prepared me in many ways. From my preliminary experiments I discovered that I should not have the lamp any closer the 10cm because the light intensity is beyond the light saturation point so there was no change in the results and that the light will begin to heat the water bath making it inaccurate. I also found that there was not much point in having the lamp any further away than 50cm because very little photosynthesis occurred. My range of results will be from 10cm to 50cm. I found that the pondweed had to be put in upside-down as that is where the bubbles come out of. The pondweed shouldnt be touching the side because otherwise the bubbles could get trapped. These all helped me design my final method, I decided to continue counting the number of bubbles produced instead of collecting the oxygen produced and giving my result as a volume because in my preliminary experiment I found that such a small volume was produced that it was hard to take an accurate reading that was meaningful.Have I made enough measurements and repeated them?In the time given I managed to take 3 readings for 5 different distances of the lamp. The results are shown in the table below. I have also worked out the average so that my graph is a representation of the whole experiment. I worked out the light intensity by using the formula:1/dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ for example: 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½(0.1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)I also worked out the rate of photosynthesis I did this by using the formula 1/timeIn this case it was the average number of bubb les à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½time taken (in seconds).5 minutes = 300 secondsFor example:108.6 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½300 = rate of photosynthesis when the light intensity is 100AccuracyObviously because I was counting bubbles the results are dependent on what I defined as being a bubble. This is it had to be big enough to be seen, therefore any tiny little streams of bubbles were not counted. This does not make my results unreliable because I tried to use the same criteria in each experiment.Clearly and accurately recorded in a tableAfter collecting all my results I recorded them in a table so they were easier to understand, this also helped comparison. The table is shown below:Distance from beaker (m)Number of oxygen bubbles produced in 5 minutesLight intensityRate of photosynthesis123Average0.1108117101108.61000.3620.267637969.6250.2320.355394245.311.110.1510.4362730316.250.1030.524211921.340.071I used all the equipment as accurately as I could, making sure I did each experiment in the same conditions as the previous ones. This minimalised the risk of there being any major differences between experiments and so gave me much more accurate results. I kept to my original guidelines and I made sure all the other factors remained constant. Because of the small mass of sodium hydrogencarbonate used, I weighed it using a 2 decimal place balance. This made it possible for me to add exactly 0.6 grams to each experiment. I think that I chose an appropriate range of distances because if the lamp had been any further away it would not have affected my experiment and it is more likely that another lamp near by would have been interfering with my experiment. I think that the results I have collected are reliable because no other factors were introduced this is why it was important that the lamp wasnt too close to the beaker as it could introduce temperature because the lamp would be heating up the water enough to alter my results. I also think that they are reliable because when I repeated them I got the same kind of numbers.AnalysisMy graph clearly shows that as the distance of lamp from the pondweed increases, the number of bubbles decreases. In my second graph I can see that as the light intensity increases so does the rate of photosynthesis. However when the light intensity is at 30 it has a very gentle slope up to 100. This suggests that all available chloroplasts are fully occupied in light absorption so no matter how much the light intensity increases, no more light can be absorbed and used. This proves that my prediction is correct. It also provides sufficient evidence to back up my statement that that the closer a plant is to light the higher the light intensity and the higher the rate of photosynthesisThe graph comparing the distance of the lamp from the pondweed with the number of bubbles produced shows a steady inversely proportional line with the line of best fit lying close to all of the points. The graph definitely shows that there is a direct relationship between the distance of the lamp and the amount of oxygen produced. Therefore this shows that the further the light is from the pondweed the lower the number of bubbles produced in 5 minutes.When the light is more intensive the chloroplast can absorb sufficient amount needed for photosynthesis to take place quicker. In the experiment all the factors of photosynthesis needed were present and the chloroplasts did indeed absorb the light faster which then sped up the whole reaction. The light is important as without it the chloroplasts could not absorb it and turn it into starch using carbon dioxide and water. As the distance increases the light intensity reduces so it will make the rate of photosynthesis decrease.My results reflect my prediction; they show that the light intensity affects the rate of photosynthesis. However in my prediction I said that I thought as the light intensity doubled, so would the rate of photosynthesis, however this is not the case because I did not fully ta ke into account the effect of the saturation point.The procedure I used to complete the experiment worked well and no limiting factors came into contention. I found the procedure very suitable to the task in hand as it was quick and easy to set up so more results could be researched in the time available. There was only one problem with the procedure and that was the possibility of heat warming the beaker of water.My expected graph is fairly similar to the outcome but it does not reflect the forty-five degree gradient causing a definite directly proportional graph.My graphs show that, at first, the rate of photosynthesis increases rapidly and steadily, at light intensity 4 the bubble rate is 21.3 per 5 minutes but at light intensity 25 the bubble rate is 69.6 in 5 minutes. Increased light intensity produces a faster rate of photosynthesis because more light energy can be trapped in the chlorophyll which is needed for the reaction. However part of my prediction is wrong because when it reaches a light intensity of about 30 the rate of photosynthesis doesnt increase as rapidly and the graph shows a very steady curve. By the time the light intensity reaches 100 the line on the graph is almost flat. This point is the light saturation point (where more light does not affect the rate of photosynthesis because all of the chlorophyll is being used to trap the sunlight.) In my prediction I said that I thought as the light intensity doubled, so would the rate of photosynthesis, however this is not the case.From these results I can conclude that the greater the light intensity the faster plants can photosynthesize until a certain point when they photosynthesize the same amount even with more light. This is the light saturation point; the rate of photosynthesis can not improve with more light because it already has as much light as it needs.The plants photosynthesize faster with more light because energy is needed for the reaction and light is the energy.My results do agr ee with my predictions: I predicted that more light would speed up the rate of photosynthesis, I predicted that the rate of photosynthesis would not increase so rapidly when the lamp got closer (light saturation point). I did not predict correctly what distance the light saturation point will be, the light saturation point turned out to be closer than I had predicted.My predicted graph and actual graph are quite similar in shape although in the actual graph the rate of photosynthesis goes up steeper than I had predicted to begin with and then much more steadily.The procedure that I used was accurate enough for me to come up with good results and strong conclusions. I could identify trends and patterns in the graph that I had in my predicted graph. Because I can come to these conclusions the experiment was a success.My evidence is sufficient enough to support my conclusion and it agrees with my theory so they must be quite accurate.Errors, Limitations and ImprovementsLike all experim ents there is always room for improvement and this one is no exception. My main limitation was time. To improve the reliability of the results more tests could have been done but there was limited time so this became a problem.To improve the reliability of the experiment I could do the experiment in a room by myself so my experiment doesnt get affected by others. Also I could have tried to control the background light more efficiently by covering the whole experiment or by completing the experiment in a dark room.Some further work I could carry out to provide additional and further evidence for the experiment would be to take more readings from the experiment and draw up a larger graph so it would be easier to make out the results and there would be more of them to make the experiment more accurate.In my experiment there were a few things that may have made my results less accurate. I could have miscounted the number of bubbles or gone a few seconds longer than I was meant to becaus e it is difficult to look at two things at once. The variables were controlled reasonably well, the amount of water and chloroplasts kept constant, the temperature was controlled quite well in a water bath, the amount of carbon dioxide was kept constant by using the same mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate in each experiment, the light intensity might have changed a bit because of the varying sunlight coming in the windows. The sunlight could have been controlled by closing the blinds on the windows. The temperature could have been controlled better by having a bigger water bath.The method of counting bubbles was probably not very accurate because the bubbles can be of different sizes, this can be improved by leaving the plant to photosynthesize for longer and then the volume of oxygen given off can be measured.Whilst carrying out my experiment I encountered no abnormal results, all complying with one another and with my prediction. However a problem that occurred with my experiment w as that the temperature had been fluctuating whilst the lamp was at 10cm from the beaker. I think that if I were to carry out my experiment again I wouldnt change the way I actually carried out the experiment because I found that the way I did it anyway was quite successful, instead I would just try to make my experiment even more accurate. I would do this by monitoring all the factors much more closely. I would use instruments/equipment that would allow me to make sure that every other factor did stay absolutely constant, such as a temperature sensor/probe to record even the slightest change in the water temperature. I would also try and find a way of preventing the heat from reaching the pondweed, for example a glass barrier/heatproof screen or a beaker of water which would only let light through.Overall, I would state the experiment as a success since my predictions were supported by my results. This is important in reflecting success only if my prediction was sensible and logica l. Just as important is where the experiment was not a success and why. This photosynthesis investigation was probably not performed as accurately as it could have been due to some controllable and uncontrollable conditions. Some mistakes can be corrected. A large factor in determining data accuracy is the amount of human error during experiments. The rate at which oxygen bubbles were being produced by my plant was so high that I found it difficult to count the amount of bubbles. I estimate a margin of error of at least 3 bubbles for each reading taken.To improve the accuracy of the results, the readings would have to be taken several more times. The entire experiment could have been performed again, and the new results could be combined if the same plant is used. But the photosynthetic rate of the same piece of pondweed would eventually decrease over time. Repetitions would, however, improve the overall reliability of the results. There are quite a few factors that could affect the results of my experiment. Some of these are variables that were mentioned earlier and could not be controlled, or they were variables that were not initially considered.While performing the experiment, some of the oxygen produced from photosynthesis may have dissolved into the water. Microorganisms living on the pondweed may have even used some oxygen. The amount of oxygen dissolved or used by microbes is probably insignificant to my results since the degree of accuracy at which I measured was not high enough. Some oxygen is also used during the respiration of the plant. But since only bubbles were counted, the volume of bubbles was not as important. But the volume of oxygen produced is important, since it was volume in terms of bubbles that were measured. As the rate of photosynthesis decreased due to a decrease in light intensity, the size of the bubbles produced also became smaller.This change in bubble size was not accounted for when the results were analyzed. For a more accura te analysis of the collected data, volume should have been measured instead of bubble quantity since the size of bubbles can vary. Using a measuring cylinder in place of the test tube so that the volume of each bubble could have been measured could have done this. During the high light intensities I had experienced counting difficulties of the bubbles being produced. There are also factors affecting accuracy at low light intensities.With low light intensity, the pondweed receives some light energy from background light such as sunlight seeping through curtains or the light from the lamp of another students experiment. To eliminate almost all background light, the experiment must be performed in a completely dark room. Even then, some of the light from the lamp in my experiment would reflect of the beaker and reach the plant though this amount of light is probably insignificant in affecting the rate of photosynthesis. If during a repeated experiment, counting bubbles is still used, t here is a smaller chance for human error when counting within a smaller time frame. If the measuring cylinder option was to be chosen, volume should be measured for a smaller time frame to reduce the overall time to complete the experiment. Also, during high rates of photosynthesis, it would still be difficult and impractical to measure the volume of oxygen produced for a long duration.

Cultural Diversity in Hotel Industry

Cultural Diversity in Hotel Industry Introduction Increasing globalisation of service industry has made it difficult to manage the growing culturally diverse workforce. Managing a multicultural workforce, either within a global corporation or small business unit is usually very demanding for managers. The concept of managing diversity acknowledges that in a workplace, there is normally diverse population of workers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity in Hotel Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The diversity is brought about by the differences in gender, age, race/ethnicity, language, personality, cultural background and even working style. It is based on the principle that harmonizing these differences creates an optimum working environment where every employee feels valued and is therefore ready to utilise his or her talents to the maximum in achieving the goals of the organisation. Current Situation Today there is increasing foc us on how best to manage cultural diversity in hotel industry or service organizations as diversity among the workforce increases due to globalization. According to Bakalis, Joiner and Leveson (2009, 378) managing cultural diversity refers to the holistic recognition by the leaders of the organisation that cultural diversity continues to increase in the workforce and therefore they have to be more proficient while acting in response to the changes that come with it. According to D’Netto and Sohal (1999, 530), managing cultural diversity at an organizational level means striving to encourage as well as to uphold a culturally heterogeneous workforce to achieve its full potential by providing an equitable and supportive working environment. Managing cultural diversity is very important and beneficial to service and hospitality industry. Effective management of cultural diversity enables these organizations to benefit from the knowledge, business experience; cultural as well as l inguistic skills that workers come with to the organisation. Managing cultural diversity within the workforce enables development of organizational values and ethics and also enhances people’s management practices. It improves customer care thereby increasing the market share of the hospitality companies. Esentually the clients on this business are usually travellers from different parts on the world, therefore making the need for cultural appreciation specifically and important subject. Besides, the greatest resource that is industry has is the workers. They interact with clients directly and as part of servicescape since their dressing, presentation, talking is all a reflection of the company.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore well mannered workers who appreciate cultural diversity are likely to offer the best services. An organisation that effecti vely manages its workforce is able to keep up with best practices that attract and retain talent. In addition, it helps enhance healthy competition within the workforce. Theories of Culture and Cultural Diversity in a Workplace The Business Case for Diversity Theory The theory relates to how hotels utilize the cultural diversity in their workforce. The proponents believe that if a workforce comprises of multicultural employees, but the management does not fully take advantage of the wealth of experience, then it cannot maximize the benefits that come with cultural diversity. It states that in a global market place, an organisation that employs a multicultural workforce in terms of gender, different generations, and ethnically/racially diverse persons among others; is in a better position of understanding the demographics of its marketplace. This gives it an upper hand in the marketplace over other companies with limited cultural diversity among the workforce. The theory also suggest s that a company that truly supports its workforce diversity has the capacity to improve its performance, achieve employee satisfaction as well as retention (Ãâ€"zbilgin Tatli 2008, 42). Social Identity Theory Proponents of Social identity theory are of the view that cooperation within as well as between work groups are determined by the demographic distinctiveness of the members of each team in relation to their immediate cultural environment. It suggests that an increase in workforce diversity is a major cause of negative consequences since it may lead to decreased job satisfaction and low performance. The proponents of the theory believe that social groups in the workplace tend to compete with each other for favour, material as well as social resources. This theory is not applicable in services industry. When the workers fight because of diversity, they are likely to treat clients from different culture with prejudice. This is bad for business. This creates a situation of confl ict instead of cooperation among the cultural groups. According to Haslam and Turner (2001, 26) studies on inter-group relationships have shown that conflicts usually occur whenever members of different cultural groups meet or assigned a joint task.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity in Hotel Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the theory, you can always predict that people will show a favourable bias towards members of their cultural group and they will believe that they are in conflict with members of another cultural group. Based on this fact, the workers therefore need to be trained on working with people from different culture and treat them as equals without any implied discrimination. Barrier to interaction and integration must be addressed. Social Network Theory Social network theory discusses the relationship among individuals in a specific environment such as in the hotel industry. Most members of a network provide useful information to other members while others provide emotional, social, financial and even moral support and these resources can greatly market a service industry. In the hotel and hospitality sector, a good reputation plays a big role as well as interdependence. The structure and the shape of the networks put in place in an organisation have important implications for policy-making as well as implementation. Managers are able to know where to finds resources they need and how to get it. This is because they have contacts of the people who can provide such services through networks. Relationships as well as networks can therefore be used to promote change initiatives in a company. Social networks in a company can help the management discover the unique skills as well as talents among workers which can bring organizational change (Haslam Turner 2001, 28). Issues Associated With Diversity in the Workplace Cultural diversity in the work place is normally associated with creative and optimum job performance which translates into positive job outcomes; however, this only occurs when it is effectively managed. There are several issues that occur in hotel and other hospitality workplaces today as they are increasingly becoming multicultural. These include harassment, discrimination against persons who are employed and even those seeking for employment based on gender, background, race/ethnicity and religion. Prejudice usually occurs in task distribution, promotions, rewards, decision making and accessibility to communication networks. Differences in language within a workplace can also create communication problems. Differences in cultural backgrounds affect the perception of employees towards new ideas, concepts and technology. The way employees perceive the company’s stance on diversity management is also very important.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Management Strategy Kundu (2001) proposes three strategies for managing cultural differences that exist in workplaces. He says that both managers and employees can decide to ignore the cultural differences or the organisation can minimize the cultural differences and lastly, the organisation can manage the cultural difference. Managers of hospitality businesses therefore adopt creative ways of managing the cultural diversity that exist in the workplace. They establish policies and practices that explore the benefits of diversity in workplace. Implementing Written Cultural Diversity Policy Addressing cultural diversity matters should be a priority concern for managers of organisations. The management of a company must have a documented diversity management policy since diversity has sometimes proved to be a problem and not an opportunity. In most cases, managers majorly focus on managing gender diversity as a result the hospitality and hotel industry employs a considerable number of women. Support, Commitment and Employee Perception Perceptions and reactions of employees towards the company determine the effectiveness of the workforce. The management needs to understand the nature as well as the outcomes of perceptions of workers about their organisation’s diversity management. Employees usually view the organisation’s climate and commitment to diversity management as directly related to the performance of the organisation and their job satisfaction (Hicks-Clarke Iles 2000, 329). According to Hicks-Clarke and Iles (2000, 329) studies have shown that employees who perceive that the cultural diversity in their workplace is supported and encouraged are likely to develop positive attitude towards the company. They begin to feel that their job is secure and they also see the possibility of developing their career in the organisation. On the contrary, employees who feel that they are not valued in the company due to their race/ethnicity tend to perceiv e that this would negatively affect their performance, job as well as their career. They would therefore opt to move elsewhere. Organizational support as well as commitment is highly related to employee retention meaning that these can enable employers retain talented employees from diverse cultural backgrounds (Sippola 2007, 256). Employees always want to be sure whether the organisation values their contributions or not. They also want to be certain about the employer’s concern on their well-being. It is therefore important to provide rewards for increased and excellent job performance. There should be favourable opportunities for incentives, supportive supervision as well as procedural justice (Bakalis, Joiner Leveson 2009, 381). Actions taken by the company in support of or against an issue should be sincere. These initiatives and actions increase employees’ commitment to the company. Retaining culturally diverse employees has been a major concern of most employer s. This implies that the management has to constantly carry out organizational audit to establish the employees’ perception towards the company to determine the direction of the firm in relation to its workforce. Survey results would help make the necessary changes which are intended to motivate the workers and enhance job satisfaction among the workforce in order to achieve retention of culturally diverse and talented workers. According to Bakalis, Joiner and Leveson (2009, 379) the nature of diversity in a workplace has an influence on performance. When the management appreciate diversity among its workers, a culture of appreciating diversity is built. The will in turn appreciate each more and therefore work together as a team despite cultural differences. The outcome is that the customers from different background will as be received and treated with utmost grandeur. This is what service industry is all about, treating client better so that they feel value for money servic e and that their culture is also recognised elsewhere. Inclusion and support of minority culture-groups In managing a multicultural workforce, it is important that the minority culture-group members within the organisation be integrated in all the informal networks. Access to these informal networks is important especially considering the significance of language on the flow of communication processes as well as in the development of individual networks in the workplace (Lindholm 1997, 14). They should also be allowed access to formal communication networks. Language problems could be a major source of frustration and dissatisfaction as one feels like an outsider. Open communications can reduce the negative impacts of cultural diversity on group activities and processes. However, multilingual workers are better suited to be the employees of a hotel and hospitality company. This way, the employees can integrate much better in that they are likely to understand the values, attitudes a nd general welfare at least two culture. This can form web of interconnectivity and integration that the outcome would be as if the organization is one big community with understand. Such appreciation of different traditions and culture is extended to clients and this gives greater satisfaction. The company should also ensure that migrants are represented on recruitment as well as promotion panels. These initiatives increase accessibility to formal networks in an organisation and also help initiate formal networking in the company. Besides, they should also enjoy the organizational support for their diversity. This is only possible if the organisation put in place structures that totally discourage discrimination, prejudice as well as intercultural conflicts in the workplace. All the various cultural groups in the workplace should be represented and encouraged to uphold respect and to always value learning from each other. Kundu (2001) stresses on cross-cultural training and sensiti zing of employees on the outcomes of discrimination and biases in diverse working population. Cross-cultural training helps employees of an organisation live and work harmoniously in another culture. Communication of performance standards The service industry players should establish and also communicate clearly the performance standards to employees. The performance standards should be based on important competencies which are relevant to each job. The workers should also be trained on how to provide feedback on identified undesirable conduct that the firm wishes to change or desirable behaviour that it wants to encourage. Conclusion Managing a multicultural workforce has become one of the most demanding tasks for most managers in service industry. Cultural diversity is projected to increase with the increasing globalization. Most organizations are putting in place structures and practices that could help attract and retain culturally diverse workforce. Hotel industry is developing cultural diversity policies and implementing new practices. Effective management of diversity in the workplace is seen to be profitable to a hotel services in ways like better services, job satisfaction and reduced worker turnover. Different theories seem to have varied views about cultural diversity in the hotel industry although most theories seem to support cultural diversity. Cultural diversity comes with different issues and problems that have to be effectively handled by organizations. Cultural diversity can cause discrimination, conflicts and communication problems. It is therefore important for hotel industry to develop cultural diversity policy and to govern it and help understand employees’ perception diversity and how the specific hotel service company deals with it. In addition, it is important to include the minority culture-groups into every activity of the company. Reference List Bakalis, S., Joiner, T., A., Leveson, L., 2008, Managing Cultural Diversity And Perceived Organizational: Evidence From Australia. International Journal of Manpower, 30 (4): 377-392. New Delhi: Emarald Group Publishing Limited. D’netto, B., Sohal, A., S., 1999, Human Resource Practices and Workforce Diversity: An Empirical Assessment. International Journal of Manpower, 20 (8): 530-47. New Delhi: Emerald Publishers. Haslam, S., A., Turner, J., C., 2001, Social Identity, Organizations and Leadership. In M. Turner (Ed.), Groups At Work: Theory And Research (Pp. 25-65). London: Lawrence Erlbaum. Hicks-Clarke, D., Iles, P., 2000, Climate for Diversity and Its Effects on Career and Organizational Attitudes and Perceptions. Personnel Review, 29 (3): 324-45. London: Emerald Publishing Limited. Kundu, S., C., 2001, Managing Cross-Cultural Diversity: A Challenge For Present And Future Organizations. Delhi Business Review, 2 (2). New Delhi: University Of Hartford. Lindholm, E., 1997, Culturally Related Problems In Steering Of Foreign Subsidiaries: Subsidiary Ope rations Of Finnish Companies In Spain. Master’s Thesis, Helsinki School of Business Administration, Helsinki. Ãâ€"zbilgin, M., F., Tatli, A., 2008, Global Diversity Management: An Evidence Based Approach. London: Palgrave Macmillian. P. 42. Sippola, A., 2007, Developing Culturally Diverse Organizations: A Participative and Empowerment-Based Method. Women in Management Review, 22 (4): 253-73. New Delhi: Emerald Publishing Limited.

How to Enable Java in Chrome and Other Browsers

How to Enable Java in Chrome and Other Browsers The Java plugin is part of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and allows a browser to work with the Java platform to run Java applets to execute in the browser. The Java plugin is enabled in a large number of browsers around the world and this makes it a target for malicious hackers. Any popular third-party plugin is subjected to the same kind of unwanted attention. The team behind Java have always taken security seriously and they will endeavor to quickly release an update to patch any serious security vulnerabilities found. This means the best way to minimize problems with the Java plugin is to make sure it is up-to-date with the latest release. If you are really worried about the security of the Java plugin but still need to visit a popular website (e.g., online banking in some countries) that need the Java plugin enabled, then consider the two browser trick. You can use one browser (e.g., Internet Explorer) only when you want to use the websites using the Java plugin. For the rest of the time use another browser, (e.g., Firefox) with the Java plugin disabled. Alternatively, you might find that you dont go to websites that use Java very often. In this case, you may prefer the option of disabling and enabling the Java plugin as needed. The instructions below will help you to set up your browser to disable (or enable) the Java plugin. Firefox To turn on/turn off Java applets in the Firefox browser: Select Tools - Add-ons from the menu toolbar.The Add-ons Manager window appears. Click on Plugins on the left-hand side.In the list on the right select, the Java Plugin - the name of the plugin will vary depending on whether you are a Mac OS X or Windows user. On the Mac, it will be called Java Plug-in 2 for NPAPI Browsers or Java Applet Plug-in (depending on the operating system version). On Windows, it will be called Java (TM) Platform.The button to the right of the selected plugin can be used to enable or disable the plugin. Internet Explorer To enable/disable Java in the Internet Explorer browser: Select Tools - Internet Options from the menu toolbar.Click on the Security tab.Click on the Custom level.. button.In the Security Settings window scroll down the list until you see Scripting of Java applets.Java applets are Enabled or Disabled depending on which radio button is checked. Click on the option you want and then click OK to save the change. Safari To enable/disable Java in the Safari browser: Select Safari - Preferences from the menu toolbar.In the preferences, window click on the Security icon.Make sure the Enable Java checkbox is checked if you want Java enabled or unchecked if you want it disabled.Close the preferences window and the change will be saved. Chrome To turn on/turn off Java applets in the Chrome browser: Click on the wrench icon to the right of the address bar and choose Settings.At the bottom click the link called Show advanced settings...Under the Privacy, section click on Content settings...Scroll down to the Plug-ins section and click on Disable individual plug-ins.Look for the Java plugin and click on the Disable link to turn off or the Enable link to turn on. Opera To enable/disable the Java plugin in the Opera browser: In the address bar type in opera:plugins and hit enter. This will display all the installed plugins.Scroll down to the Java plugin and click on Disable to turn off the plugin or Enable to turn it on.

Bad lending leading to the East Asian crisis in 1990s Essay

Bad lending leading to the East Asian crisis in 1990s - Essay Example 347). The basic diagnosis attributed the crisis to the financial chaos caused by the financial systems riddled by the insider dealings, weak corporate governance, and corruption that caused inefficient spending investment. This weakened stability in the banking system. The economies in East Asia were successful for generations, and the crisis in1997 was unanticipated despite Yung Chul Park (1996) warning against impending crisis. Many foreign investors invested a lot of funds even at the onset of the crisis (Choe and Chinmay 2007, p. 232-255). This paper investigates on the bad lending that led to the financial crisis in East Asia in 1990s. This is because of the success of economies  in East Asia that led to massive financial inflows in years leading to crisis, with few warning signs. Background to financial crisis Central to the full understanding of the cause of East Asian crisis is multifaceted evidence on the structure of the incentives used by financial and corporate sectors, which operated in the area. The moral problem magnified the financial vulnerability during the liberalization of the market in 1990s. This exposed fragility concerning the macroeconomic and the financial shocks that occurred between 1995 and 1997. This problem exhibited the three different, yet interrelated dimensions at corporate, the financial and the international level (Choe and Chinmay 2007, p. 232-255). The political pressures at the corporate level maintained high economic growth rates that guaranteed the private projects under government control. Even in the absence of the explicit bail-out promises, strategies and production plans of the corporate sector overlooked the riskiness and the costs of the investment projects. The industrial and financial policy enmeshed in the widespread business sector of political and personal favouritism and markets operated under the impression of their investment returns being insured from the adverse shocks. This represented underpinnings of the sustained process of accumulation of capital leading to account deficits. The investment rate remained high because of the fall in interest rates of neighbouring countries like Japan. As a result, banks borrowed excessively from abroad as well as lending excessively at home (Ichikawa 1998, p. 155-179). Extensive liberalization of the capital markets consistently provided large supply of funds at minimized costs to the domestic, corporate sector and national financial institutions. This motivated the exchange rate policies that reduced volatility of domestic currency in US dollars lowering the risk premium on the dollar-denominated debt. Internationally, moral hazard hinged on behaviour of the international banks. Over the period that led to crisis, international bands rented a lot of funds to the domestic intermediaries in the region neglecting the risk assessment standards. They presumed the direct government guarantee to the short-term interbank liabilities through bailout using the IMF support programs (Ichikawa 1998, p. 155-179). The stagnation of economy in Japan in 1990s lowered the exports from Asian countries. Few months before the crisis in East Asia, economy of Japan declined significantly, thus shattering the recovery process. The fall in ‘semi-conductors’ demand in 1996, and the adverse fluctuations in trade worsened the trade balances between 1996 and

Have you had Your VSauce Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Have you had Your VSauce Today - Essay Example The videos are narrated by the creator of Vsauce, Michael Stephens, in his signature style beginning each video with â€Å"Hi Vsauce!† Vsauce provides educational content that is beneficial to students as well as general online users. The content is always interesting and intriguing, and arouses the curiosity of the users. The videos are about topics most people think about but do not try to actively investigate them. Questions about dreams and alien life are used to elaborate scientific research and phenomena because people are naturally curious about these topics. Vsauce videos explain such topics and encourage students to learn about things that puzzle them. Some of the videos that offer such intriguing content are What if You were Born in Space? and Why do We Get Bored?. After watching these videos, viewers are able to enhance their knowledge. In addition, the videos inspire viewers to be more observant of their surroundings. The information in the videos helps students de velop greater interest in science and other subjects. Entertainment is one of the main distinguishing features of Vsauce. Michael Stephens appears as the narrator in all the videos and ensures that the viewer remains engaged from beginning to end. The videos uploaded on the channel are informative and provide scientific explanations to the viewer. However, they are packaged in a very different way from regular informational videos. The captions of the videos, for instance, are worded in the same way as feature stories and articles on mainstream websites. This feature helps to attract readers to the content and view the videos to be entertained. For example, a video titled How Many 5-Year Olds Could You Fight? explains concepts of force and power. Another video titled Guns in Space discusses important concepts of space, gravity, and motion. The video discusses the theories and concepts introduced by scientists such as Newton and Einstein. This strategy of combining information with e ntertainment is the reason why the videos receive a large number of hits. Just two years after its inception in 2010, Vsauce reached a subscription level of 1 million users. The tools used in the videos are effective at explaining the concepts vividly. The videos combine the use of animated diagrams and photographs to illustrate abstract concepts such as gravity and motion. Such use of animated diagrams is effective in explaining temporal features of a concept (Lowe, 168). At times, a comic effect is created to make apparently complex subjects seem interesting. For instance, a video entitled We Can’t Touch Anything uses diagrams and animation effectively to explain atomic structure and contact between two surfaces. Another video titled What Can You do Without a Brain? uses teaching aids as well as animated illustrations to explain brain anatomy and neurological processes. This feature distinguishes Vsauce from other online educational content because it is lively and engaging . It uses techniques other than background narration and text to make concepts more explicit to the viewer. Vsauce makes educational content accessible to the target audience. Accessibility is vital to the success of distance education (Burgstahler, Corrigan, & McCarter, 234). With several alternatives offering similar services in the print and electronic environment, it is important for content providers to reach out to the intended audience instead of expecting

The Handmaids Tale Essay Example for Free

The Handmaids Tale Essay The Handmaids Tale is a novel that consists of more than one genre it falls in the categories of being a dystopian science fiction, an autobiography, a love story and even a feminist novel. There are many narrative techniques used here in the Handmaids Tale that make it very complex and original such as the use of flashbacks and the very fragmented narrative structure, all of which I will be discussing in this essay. The significance of the epigraphs at the beginning of the novel I feel set the readers up for the story about to be told, as the first epigraph (Genesis,30:1-3) talks about the use of the Handmaids by trying to justify the use of them by quoting from the bible. The second epigraph (A Modest Proposal) shows the cold-heartedness of people, the controlled sincere tone of this mad scheme he talks about parallels with the earnest fascination of Gilead, giving us a rough clue of the tough regime of the Gileadean society. The third epigraph (Sufi proverb) claims that no one needs to forbid anything that is undeniable even when in a desperate situation, the undesirable could be the solution. The deliberate confusion of the opening chapter where Atwood had chosen to hold back large amounts of information causing the reader to become curious and wanting to read more into the story, the narrator of the story who we are unaware of at this stage is not bothering to introduce to the readers what is happening around her, it seems that the narrator is not just telling the story but merely reminding herself of that specific moment in the past We folded our clothes neatly and laid them on the stool at the ends of the beds this gives us a clue that the narrator has gone through this experience already and is speaking from elsewhere in the future. We can see also that the narrator is fully aware of the changes that have occurred since the time before maybe explaining why she only remembers and doesnt feel the need to explain at first, again a technique used to make the readers wanting more so they can understand what has gone on to cause such a rapid change in their lives. Judging by the atmosphere of the surroundings the readers can see a desperate yearn of the past and the act of physical contact where the girls lean out of their cots just to touch each others hands giving us a sense of oppression and a society with rules and order. There are many characters and themes introduced in this very first confusing chapter but it will have left the readers with a lot of guesswork leaving them gripped on wanting to read more this is why I feel that Atwood has started with a confusing opening chapter. The ordering of the sections just reflect the day to day routine of a handmaid such as shopping, check ups at the doctors etc. it also represents the narrow existence of a handmaid and the feeling of repetition, the ordering does go day, night, day, night and so on except for the napping section, but sleep also occurs here I dont understand why this has a different title? I feel that the night sections contribute massively to the structure of the narrative because this is where we learn most about Offred and of the beginning of the regime of Gilead. This is where Offred can have her time alone and vividly go over her memories of the past The night is mine, my own time, to do as I will. The night time is peaceful for Offred where she can be completely away from the oppression in Gilead. Here we learn of her past about her relationship with Luke, her family, her friends, her daughter and the rapidly changing society of Gilead. It again shows the readers how oppressive Gilead must be as Offred does not feel safe to reminisce in the day time while she is out shopping everyday it shows that the fear of the society is constantly on her mind causing her to be aware of everything that is going on. Through these night sections we learn about Offred herself we see that she is a determined woman, we also see that she is a sensitive because sometimes she cannot go on with her stories as they are too painful, but we also see a rebellious side to Offred because by telling her story she is breaking all the laws of the Gilead regime by going over her past and communicating her thoughts and feelings whereas in the daytime she comes across as agreeing with the regime, but here we hear about each time she breaks the law by having a love affair with Nick or seeing the commander plus remembering her past. The narrative technique of flashbacks is most obvious here, the flashbacks are used to tell us the reasons why things are the way they are, informing us throughout the novel of how the society of Gilead developed. Her flashbacks inform us of how she tried to escape over the border with her child and husband or how she suddenly lost her job at the library if these occurrences had been mentioned at the beginning of the story I feel that it would mean no significance to the reader as they wouldnt have known more about Offred but placing these events in the flashbacks throughout the novel creates mystery for the reader who will want to read on more to find out the endings to these fragmented stories. Also there is an importance to the position of the flashbacks for example when Offred recounts her first meeting with Serana Joy she then talks about her mother A motherly figure,someone who would understand and protect me. Another example is when Offred first kisses Nick in the downstairs living room at night and when she goes back up to bed she then thinks of Luke I believe Luke is lying face down in a thicket. Maybe associating her feelings for Nick with how she felt about Luke in the time before Gilead and even now Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Margaret Atwood section.

My Mother, My Hero Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

My Mother, My Hero In 1859 Henry Ward Beecher said, "the mother’s heart is the child’s schoolroom." I believe that statement because of experiences I’ve had with my own mother. I have learned more about life from her than from my 15 years of schooling. Over the last 20 years my mother has taught me many valuable lessons just by being a living example of compassion, thoughtfulness, and generosity. She is an angel that has protected and carried me throughout life. In the book, One Day My Soul Just Opened Up, Iyanla Vanzant said, "a truly compassionate person is one who can feel what you feel because they are one with you in mind, body, and spirit, not out of obligation or a false sense of responsibility. A compassionate person is one who understands what you are going through and, rather than joining you in your suffering and fear, sees for you the blessing and the victory at the end. A compassionate person does not join in the victim mentality of blaming others; instead they will stand strong with you, supporting you through the acceptance of the situation. The compassionate person knows with you, for you, and when necessary in spite of you, that all things work together for your good." That quote is like a mirror image of my mother because she encompasses all those traits. She showed me the utmost compassion when I was in high school. I was very sick with a chronic disease. I couldn’t walk and I was in constant pain. Though I couldnâ €™t see it at the time, my mother saw for me how lucky I was. She consistently pointed out that I was lucky that we could afford the doctors I needed. I was lucky that Fibromyalgia wasn’t deadly. And I was lucky that I had family and friends who were there for me. She saw for me the positive thi... ...s Thanksgiving she donated money to Bethel Mission to provide a Thanksgiving dinner for the homeless. And every Christmas she buys presents for the underprivileged. As the saying goes, "no one stands as straight as when he stoops to help someone." My mother is my hero because she has taught me to treat others with compassion, thoughtfulness, and generosity. She taught me that those values were important in the best way, by living her own life according to them. She didn’t just tell me about values she felt were important, she lived by them. I have always admired my mother and felt so blessed to have her in my life. I know I am a better person for having her for a mother. Works Cited: The Giant Book of American Quotations. Carruth, Gorton and Ehrlich, Eugene. Portland House. New York. 1988. Vanzant, Iyanla. One Day My Soul Just Opened Up. Fireside. 1998. My Mother, My Hero Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing My Mother, My Hero In 1859 Henry Ward Beecher said, "the mother’s heart is the child’s schoolroom." I believe that statement because of experiences I’ve had with my own mother. I have learned more about life from her than from my 15 years of schooling. Over the last 20 years my mother has taught me many valuable lessons just by being a living example of compassion, thoughtfulness, and generosity. She is an angel that has protected and carried me throughout life. In the book, One Day My Soul Just Opened Up, Iyanla Vanzant said, "a truly compassionate person is one who can feel what you feel because they are one with you in mind, body, and spirit, not out of obligation or a false sense of responsibility. A compassionate person is one who understands what you are going through and, rather than joining you in your suffering and fear, sees for you the blessing and the victory at the end. A compassionate person does not join in the victim mentality of blaming others; instead they will stand strong with you, supporting you through the acceptance of the situation. The compassionate person knows with you, for you, and when necessary in spite of you, that all things work together for your good." That quote is like a mirror image of my mother because she encompasses all those traits. She showed me the utmost compassion when I was in high school. I was very sick with a chronic disease. I couldn’t walk and I was in constant pain. Though I couldnâ €™t see it at the time, my mother saw for me how lucky I was. She consistently pointed out that I was lucky that we could afford the doctors I needed. I was lucky that Fibromyalgia wasn’t deadly. And I was lucky that I had family and friends who were there for me. She saw for me the positive thi... ...s Thanksgiving she donated money to Bethel Mission to provide a Thanksgiving dinner for the homeless. And every Christmas she buys presents for the underprivileged. As the saying goes, "no one stands as straight as when he stoops to help someone." My mother is my hero because she has taught me to treat others with compassion, thoughtfulness, and generosity. She taught me that those values were important in the best way, by living her own life according to them. She didn’t just tell me about values she felt were important, she lived by them. I have always admired my mother and felt so blessed to have her in my life. I know I am a better person for having her for a mother. Works Cited: The Giant Book of American Quotations. Carruth, Gorton and Ehrlich, Eugene. Portland House. New York. 1988. Vanzant, Iyanla. One Day My Soul Just Opened Up. Fireside. 1998.

Comparison Between Tod Homer and Miss Lonely Hearts

Tod, Homer, and Miss Lonelyhearts Another Well Thought Out Essay Tod Hackett, Homer Simpson, and Miss Lonelyhearts from Nathanael West’s novels â€Å"The Day of the Locust† and â€Å"Miss Lonelyhearts† all try to satisfy their desires with sexual wants, and violence. However, they are all very different from each other. For example, their histories, and the way they pursue the fulfillment of their desires are all unique to that specific character. The novel, â€Å"The Day of the Locust†, mostly focuses on the story of two main characters. These characters are Tod Hackett, and Homer Simpson.The novel gives the story of their lives while they both pursue the young woman, Faye Greener. In this way they are similar, but they are actually very different. Unlike Homer, Tod understands a lot of his experiences, especially his experiences with Faye. Because of this, Tod is portrayed as an educated man, Homer, on the other hand, has almost no idea what is going on. His actions and desires are almost always unexplainable. It seems as though he doesn’t even know what he himself is even thinking, let alone what he actually wants.Because of this, he appears uneducated, and clumsy. Both men pursue things that are artificial. The most notable of these is Faye Greener. Unlike Homer though, Tod knows that he can't have her, because he knows that pursuing her is a self-destructive route. Miss Lonelyhearts is the main character of the novel, â€Å"Miss Lonelyhearts†. His history is probably the reason for his need for sex and violence. ‘His history’ meaning his childhood, and also the letters that the people send to him for advice.Miss Lonelyhearts has a few encounters with a woman named Fay Doyle. They do have intercourse on one occasion, and she tries to make him have it a second time. However, instead of intercourse, Miss Lonelyhearts decides to beat her violently. His anger and his need for sex are brought about by the le tters that he has to read for his job, and his childhood experiences, like his encounter with the frog. Tod Hackett presents fewer personal experiences that can be used to analyze in a psychological way, but the way he thinks can be.He knows that he can’t have Faye, and he does want to rid Faye of the artificial quality that she possesses, but he can’t help but have a somewhat repulsive sexual attraction to her. Even to the point where he decides that raping her would be a suitable idea. And even attempts it at one point. In this way, Tod and Miss Lonelyhearts are similar, but not completely homogenous. Homer is a bit different from Tod, and Miss Lonelyhearts in this area. Homer is more understandable on a psychological level. At first, Homer seems as though he is uneducated, and also very clumsy.However, his disappointments, and his insecurities soon lead to aggression. His aggressions are expressions of anger that come from his past and his future. He does have a sex ual attraction to Faye, but his actions and feelings towards her are not quite as extreme as Tod’s and Miss Lonelyhearts’ feelings and actions toward women. Faye, however, does not take Homer seriously. He then feels like he has been cheated by Faye. He does a good job for most of the book at suppressing his anger until his final outburst that starts the riot at the end of the book.With Miss Lonelyhearts, Nathanael West presents a brutal and selfish character, which lusts for sex and violence, and gets both. With Tod Hackett, Nathanael West presents a successful and educated character that, despite his intellect, desperately wants a sexual relationship with a young woman, even to the point where he thinks about raping her, but never actually does it. And with Homer Simpson, Nathanael West presents an uneducated and clumsy character, which also lusts after a young woman, just not as explicitly as Tod, and turns out to be very aggressive.All of these characters are very similar in most of their desires, to be specific, their need for a sexual relationship, and their needs for aggression whether it is related to their sexual desires or not. Despite their many similarities, each character has a unique way of showing their desires. It may have been a straight-forward approach like Miss Lonelyhearts, or a somewhat cautious yet extreme approach like Tod, or a deceptively timid and passive-aggressive approach like Homer, which ends up in a catastrophically aggressive outburst.

Loneliness in ‘Of Mice and men’ by John Steinbeck Essay

‘Of Mice and Men’, is a novel written by John Steinbeck in the 1930’s. It is set in Salinas California and shows us what life was like for migrant workers at this time. The book was set in the time of the American depression caused by the Wall Street Crash. In 1929 Steinbeck himself had taken on unskilled jobs to support himself for 7 years from 1919. South Clara in Northern California was where Steinbeck worked as a farm laborer. It is from there that the scenery, setting and experiences of Steinbeck in Northern California have been etched into the novel ‘Of Mice and Men’. The book describes how lonely life can be. There are three different kinds of loneliness these include: isolation, solitude and abandonment. George and Lennie are different from the other characters in the novel as they have each other to look after them ‘ain’t many guys travel around together’. They have been companions from childhood and George has given and oath to Aunt Clara that he will look after Lennie. George and Lennie both share the same dream to own a piece of land that no-one will take away from them. They each dedicate a sum of their wages towards the dream. The characters in this novel are all envious to some extent of the special friendship shared by George and Lennie because they do not have that in their life. All the characters are extremely lonely and unhappy with their lives (except Slim, who is the only character that seems to be confident and happy with his life), and none of them can escape this unhappiness. Economic and social forces control them, and free will seems non-existent. â€Å"Guys like us, that live on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world.† George means that if not for each other, then he and Lennie would be all alone, with no friends, like all the men like them, who are migrant workers moving from ranch to ranch without making any friends, and living a lonely life. George and his simple-minded friend Lennie dream, of a place to call their own. The Dream represents a sense of freedom to George and Lennie as they will be their own bosses and can do as they please. Also the achieving of the dream will mean they will not have to travel and have a house which they can really call home. They will not have to wear their uniforms and will have more possessions than a migrant worker. George and Lennie are very different, George is a smart and composed man, who seems to need mental stimulation from a companion, which he cannot have in his relationship with Lennie. Even though they have each other, they are still both lonely at a certain level, even if one does not clearly understand the other. The important thing is human contact and being there together. Somebody who loses his best companion is Candy. Candy is the oldest person on the ranch. We can tell this when he mentions they are going to fire him â€Å"They’ll can me purty soon† also by the boring jobs which he undertakes like sweeping the bunk house, as he only has one hand, he is a liability. He is a very friendly person and knows the rules of the ranch, we see this when he says ‘a guy on a ranch don’t never listen nor he don’t ast no questions.’ His life long companion presumably a sheep dog which he had since it was a pup, was shot by Carlson, who was very persistent to take the dog’s life as he did not like the way it smelled â€Å"I don’t know nothing that stinks so bad as an old dog’. Although pleading with Carlson â€Å"I had him so long. Had him since he was a pup, I herded sheep with him† the only choice Candy was offered was if he would want to shoot the dog himself which he replied â€Å"No I coul dn’t. I had ‘im too long.† Finally Candy had to let his companion go. The dog which was Candy’s comfort and enjoyment was now dead. As the gunshot went off in the distance every head in the bunk house turned towards Candy to see the old man’s reaction. For a moment he continued to stare at the ceiling maybe remembering the happy memories he and his companion shared. Then he rolled slowly over and faced the wall and lay silent the same action a dog would do when going to sleep. All was not lost, overhearing George and Lennie’s dream he wanted to share it. He told George and Lennie about what they did to his dog that night maybe to try and win some compassion. â€Å"You seen what they done to my dog tonight? They says he wasn’t no good to himself or nobody else. When they can me here I wish’t somebody’d shoot me†. This shows Candy is nearing the end of his life at the farm. Being part of George and Lennie’s dream comforts Candy and would be an ideal way to spend the rest of his life free from worries. George and Lennie accepted him into their dream partly due to the large sum of money which he had to contribute towards the dream. The dream was now becoming a reality. Crooks like Candy is an outcast because the society in which he resides is racist towards black people. With a back injury that gives Crooks his nickname he is more permanent than the other men, we can see this with the possessions he has which include ‘several pairs of shoes, a pair of rubber boots, a big alarm clock and a single barrelled shot-gun’. Being alone has made Crooks very unsure about himself and bitter†A guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody. Don’t matter no difference who the guy is, longs he with you. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an he gets sick† this was Crook’s way of establishing a personal connection to Lennie. Like Lennie, Crooks has a ‘relationship’ with loneliness. Crooks is rejected from every group of people and cannot socially interact with others, just like Lennie who can’t socially interact properly because of his mental-disability. â€Å"Cause I’m black. They play cards in there, but I can’t play because I’m Black. They say I stink. Well I tell you, you all stink to me!† Crooks loneliness results from rejection; others treat him unjust because he is different from them given that he is black. Crooks isn’t allowed to participate in daily events with white people such as card games. He is treated unfairly and therefore acts the same way toward the white people who have offended him. In an effort to communicate with the outside world in my opinion Crooks reads books ‘there were battered magazines and a few dirty books on a special shelf over his bunk’ this shows they were well read, maybe even more than once. Crooks is fascinated by the strength of the friendship of Lennie and George, especially how close they are. Crooks said, â€Å"Well, s’pose, jus’ s’pose he don’t come back. What’ll you do then?† Crooks asks these questions because he was curious and envious, about the friendship of Lennie and George, noticing that Lennie is retarded, he takes advantage of this situation to make him feel better and ease the pain of having others reject him. He wants the people to feel the way that he did when he was lonely, having no one. He is striving to achieve sympathy and understanding from others. Crooks would work for nothing if it meant communicating with others. He even offers his services to Candy to work on their â€Å"dream ranch† to join in on the friendship and dream shared by Lennie and George, in order to leave behind him his lonely life. Curley’s Wife’s loneliness is due to her husband. Even though Curley’s wife is mentioned frequently, nobody asks what her name is. Nobody wants to talk her because people are afraid of Curley; he is jealous and would start a fight with anyone who tried approaching her also due to the fact that Curley is the boss’s son and anyone who tried to do something could loose their job. She does not like Curley, and purely married him to spite her mother we can see this when she says ‘I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella’. Furthermore he doesn’t talk to her at all, and there’s no one in her life with whom she can share her feelings, and longs for companionship. Candy influences views about Curley’s wife in George by telling him ‘Curley’s married†¦ a tart’. She pretends to look for her husband when she really wants to have a conversation with the men in the ranch as she is lonely. Curley treats his wife like a trophy insisting that she should spend all her time in the house. Curley’s wife asks the rhetorical question, ‘think I like to stick in that house alla time?’ showing her unhappiness. Curley does not care about his wife as he leaves her behind whenever he goes out and visits ‘cat houses’ although he is married. Curley’s wife talks to Lennie in chapter five as she knows she can share her secrets and worries without Lennie telling anyone else, due to his mental age. She also indicates she is going to run away as she talks in a hurry. Curley’s wife is very vigilant in the way she knows how Curley’s hand was broken also in the way she finds the dead pup in the barn. Curley’s wife tells Lennie about the chances she had of being an actress and blames her misfortune on her mother. She shows that marrying Curley was her last chance to get away from home. Maybe she was making up stories about her past as she looked closely to see if she was impressing Lennie. Curley’s wife is a threat to Crooks as she threatens him with death by hanging if he stands up to her. In those days if a coloured man was accused of something there would be no trial. Curley’s wife is the one who ruins the dream as she let Lennie touch her hair and then resisted. She ended up getting killed which meant that Lennie would have to be killed as he committed murder. Her death could be thought of as a misfortune, but as a positive thing as well because it ended her suffering; being the only woman in the ranch and having married a man like Curley she was inevitably destined for loneliness. But now that she is dead, she will not have to worry about being lonely ever again. Curley’s wife’s case of loneliness was the most severe throughout the novel. She struggled in her society to find somebody that she could befriend in vain. We can draw a similarity between Candy and Crooks; both of these characters have a physical disability (Candy has a one hand, and Crooks has a crooked back) both caused by an accident, as well as another factor Crook’s color and Candy’s old age, those factors make both of them outcasts. Because of their situation, they are both destined to loneliness, each of them deals with it in their own way: Candy has his dog for companionship and makes conversation with the other men that work on the ranch, but Crooks turns towards books Another interesting similarity we can draw is the one between the relationship between George and Lennie, and Candy and his old dog. Both George and Candy are lonely, even though they have companionship; Candy cannot talk to his dog, and George can’t have a really serious conversation with Lennie either. Even though they have companionship, they need something deeper and more meaningful. It is also interesting to notice the similar fate of Candy’s dog and Lennie who will both be shot in the back of the head unsuspicious of what is going to happen. The last similarity drawn is between two of the loneliest characters in the novel; Curley’s Wife and Lennie. As we’ve seen previously, Curley’s wife is the only woman in the novel, and her husband forbids her to talk to other men, and because of his jealousy, doesn’t let other men approach her or else he picks a fight with them. George also gives orders to Lennie and strictly forbids him several times â€Å"Don’t even take a look at that bitch. I don’t care what she says and what she does†¦you leave her be† â€Å"well, you keep away from her†, they aren’t allowed to talk to each other, that’s what makes the fatal scene in the barn so tragic; Curley’s wife wanted to talk to someone so bad, that it drove her to her death. One of the most important lessons we learn in Of Mice and Men is that friendship and human interaction are two very valuable things in life, and that having them is as much as a right as it is a privilege. We must treasure these two things as it keeps us away from loneliness which is one of the worst things a person can suffer from highlighted by the characters in the book.